William bufus harmon



W. R. HARMON.

ShovelPloW.

No. 68,4982, Patented Sept. 17, 1867.

@uitrit tatrs ilafrnt @ffice i i IMPROVEMENT IN SHOVEL-PLOUGS.

@In rlgrtnli nfiruh to in ilnsc tittnfs atrnt mit milling putt nf ligtanni.

TO ALL WIIOM IT MAY CONCERN;

Be it known that I,`WILLIAM Rurns HAaMoN, of Union Port, Jeffersoncounty, Ohio, have invented certain new and useful Improvements inShovel-Ploughs, and I do hereby declare .that4 and exact description ofthe same, reference being had .to the annexed drawing,.aiid to"tbcletteas of reference marked thereon,making part of the saine, inwhich- Figure 1 is a perspective view of a double-shovel plough with myimprovements attached.

Figure 2 is a perspective view of a single-shovel plough with myimprovements attached.

Figure 3 is a plan view of a shoe and shovel, showing 'the method ofattaching the same.

The object ot' my invention is to doaway with the disadvantages thatcrperiencehas proven to exist in the ordinary shovel-plough orcultivator now in `general use,and consists, first, in a simple andpractical method, by

the rods at the p'oint of the beam, in lconnection with the shoe andshovel, that, no matter what the depth of lfurrow required, the shoealways presents aifiat surface to the earth; third, in a simple meansofr attaching the ploughs together, so that they can be used for workinga double furrow, the shoes always being parallel toaeach other, andconsequently necessarily cutting furrows which are exactly parallehthusovercomingr thel objectiouto all double ploughs now inuse, the shovelsof which are not parallel, but whose points invariably verge towardseach other; and fourth, in arranging at the end of the plough, andentirely distinct from its beam, a selfadjusting clevis. i i

the following is ,a full, clear,`

My plough not only differs in construction and arrangementifrom any ofthe shovel-ploughs or cultivators i now in common use, but also inprinciple. They all work ou what may be termed a scraping, while myplough works on the cutting principle, like the ordinary subsoil plough.Y In the ordinary shovel-plough or eultivator the entire strain ofopening the furrow is upon theimnrediate point'of the shovel, and that,too, not when the shovel is presented in a flat, but in an angulardirection. The consequence isA the point of the shovel is soon wornaway, if not, as is frequently the case, entirely broken oil'. In myplough the shoe cuts the furrow. The shovel simply opens the same.`Again,thc cnt-ire labor of regulating the depth of furrow madeV by theshovelplough or cultivator now infuse the farmer is compelled toperform, while in my plough it is d one by means of rods and aguide-plate, the farmer only having to direct its course. But one of thegreatest advantages of my invention consists in thc simple arrangementby which I unite the plough togethelgby which means one plough,`

one man, and one horse can readilyperform the labor of two ploughs, twomen, and two horses, and alsoto d o it in agbettcr and more thoroughmanner. By means of rods and bolts I rmly secure Vthe ploughstogether,their shoes being four feet, or any distance desired, fromeach other.The fui-rows they cut are not only parallel and regular, but their depthis more uniform. In one of the ordinary light shovel-ploughs orcultivators now in use, if you strike a stone or root, the eultivator`is thrown entirely out of its course, a portion of the furrow isskipped over, and the work conse uentl im ro er1 erformed. With m doublelou h this dilleult is C1 y P P Y P Y P g y entirely overcome. Oneplough steadies the other, and, it matters not what' obstacle itencounters, it is keptin its proper direction.

To enable others skilled in the art to malte and use my invention, Iwill proceed to describe its construction and operation. p

I Vconstruct the beam A of wrought iron, curved at its rear end toreceive the shoe and shovel. B B'are the plough-handles, which arefirmly secured, one at the rear andthe other midway of the beam A. C Care adjustable guide-rods, which are firmly-secured to the beam A nearits centre. D D is a guideplate at the end of the beam A, and at rightangles thereto. E is the shoe, and F the shovel, each of which issecured, and

`by the same bolt, to the lower end of the curved portion of the beam A.The shoe E, at its real" end, is lalso connected with the beam by meansof a. brace-rod, a. In the guidc-plate D there is a series of holes,which receive the bolt c that passes through rods C C; and whichregulate the depth of furrow. d d are the handholds at the end of thehandles B B. e is a bolt, which passes through the beam -A at the lowerportion of the curve, and also thro-ugh the shovel and shoe, andxrmlysecures' the three together. f is a' bolt, which secures the rear handleto the beam A. ,fj is a bolt, passing through the beam A about `midwaythereof', and which firmly secures to said beam the forward handle B, aswell as' thc guide-rods C C`; and outside of the plate D are holes h h,which receive andin which works the self-adjusting clevis G. This clevisG is constructed with twoshoulders, which play in the holes h It.Through-*the centre of the bar of the clevis there is :1f-hole, whichreceives the shank ofthe eye'z. This shank is riveted on the rear sideof the bar, and thereby rendered secure. The great advantage of thisclevis G is found in the fact that itis self-adjusting, so that, itmatters not whether the rods C C, in which it has its bearings, areelevated or lowered along the guide-plate D, the angle of draught forthe horse is the same.

The foregoing description answers for both ploughs, as they arethe'exact counterparts of each other, with this single difference: WhenI use the double plough, I construct the beam A of the leftdiand aboutsix inches l longer than that of the right-hand plough, so :1s to enableany unbroken clod, stone, or other obstacle that may be thrownup to passbetween the shovels. y

When it is desired to plough asingle furrow, either plough can he used.I prefer the left-hand plough, its

greater length of beamgiving it a steady land regular run,` which cannotbe obtained with a short-beam plough, Y.

such as` my right-hand plough must of necessity be..' When the left-handplough is used as a single plough, the rear ,left-hand handle B issecured by the bolt precisely as in the double plough but, the rearright-hand handle being longer, when it is brought in contact with thebeam A of the left-hand plough its point of contactis a few inchesforward of the hole which receives thevbolt f. 'Consequently the beam Aof the left-hand plough has an additional hole, through which passesabolt, j,'and which firmly secures the rear right-hand handle B to saidbeam. The boltg firmly secures the forward handles of both ploughsv, 'aswell as the rods C C, to the beam A; 'I he bolt c also attaches both, CC, to the guide-plate D. When the double plough is used, the short bolty is dispensed with, and a rod, H, is introduced, in which are twoshoulders K K, which actas bearings for the beams AA A ofthe twoploughs.-v Outside of these shoulders K there is suiicient length of rodto4 pass through the beam A, handle B, and rod C, in order to hold themtogether, as doesgthe bolt g in the single plough. On each end of thisrod-H a screw-thread is cut; which extends beyondthe beams A, and isthere secured by means of nuts. When the double plough is used, there isalso introduced anl S-shaped brace-bar between the rear cndof the beamsA, and firmly secured to said beams by means of the bolts ff.

The guide-plate D acts as a gauge Ato regulate the depth of furrow. Whena'fuurow of but slight depth isl required, the bolt c, which regulatesthe position of the rod C, is placed in the hole b nearest the beam. Ifa deeper furrow is required, the bolt c is elevated to'one of the upperholes. The higher the hole vin which the bolt c is placed the deeperwill bc the furrow, controlling, as it does,` the rods C, and they inturn, controlling the shoe and shovel. i

Having thus fully described my invention, 'what I claim therein 'as new,and desire Letters Patent therefor, i's-' J v 1. I claim the combinationof the shoe E and-shovel F, when the saine are so arranged that the shoeEA presents its entire face to the ground, and projects suiciently farbeyond the pointv of the shovel'notonly to protect and guard the same,but `nlso to free the 'shovel from all labor and strain inopening thefurrow, substantially as shown. l v

2. I claim the combination of the rods C C, guide-plate D,-and bolt c,for regulating the `depth ofcut of the shoe, substantially as described.i Y

3. I claim the arrangement of'the rods C C, guide-plate'D, and bolt c,so that the same can be applied to asingle or doubleplougln'subst-autially as described. l I

4. I-claim the combination of the curved Abeam A, shoe E, and shovel F,when the same are connected and arranged substantially as described.

5. I claim the combination of the beam A, shoe E, shovel F, rods C C,and guide-plateiD, when the same are arranged and operatesubstantiallyas described and for the purpose set forth. i

6. I claim the self-adjusting clevis Gr, secured to the rods C C,substantially as described and for the purpose set forth.

W. R. H ARMON.

Witnesses:

JOHN S. HoLLrNesnnAn, JonN D. BLoou.

